THREE-DIMENSIONAL HOLOGRAPHIC OPTICAL ELEMENTS BASED ON NEW MICROSYSTEMS

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Tyurin A.V., Zhukov S.A., Akhmerov A. Yu. Three-dimensional holographic optical elements based on new microsystems. Monograph. – Primedia eLaunch,Boston, USA, 2024. – 320 p.

URL: https://isg-konf.com/979-8-89292-735-2/.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction 7
CHAPTER 1. MANUFACTURE TECHNOLOGY, PROPERTIES AND SPECTRAL SENSITIZATION OF EMULSIONS CONTAINING MICROSYSTEMS "NON-SILVER NUCLEAR – SILVER HALIDE SHELL" 11
1.1. Obtaining emulsions containing microsystems "non-silver

core – silver halide shell".

11
1.2. Production of emulsion with microsystems "core CaF2 – shell AgBr ". 20
1.2.1. Synthesis of nuclei CaF2 in water-gelatin medium. 20
1.2.2. The method of building  AgBr shell on the CaF2 nucleus. 28
1.3.Spectral sensitization of emulsions containing “core CaF2–shell AgBr” microsystems. 29
1.3.1.The dependence of the spectral sensitization of the microsystem “core CaF2 – shell AgBr” from the size of the core. 33
1.3.2.Dependence of spectral sensitization microsystems "core – silver halide shell" from the structure of the nucleus. 48
Chapter 2. Thermo- and photochemical transformations in monolithic CGS

composition As-S.

62
2.1. The mechanism of charge carrier transfer in the CGS composition As-S. 64
2.2. Photoelectric studies of thermally stimulated transformations in CGS composition As-S. 82
2.2.1. The mechanism of generation of nonequilibrium carriers in CGS of As2S3 composition. 83
2.2.2. Temperature and lux-ampere characteristics of stationary photoconductivity and photocurrent kinetics in As2S3. 87
2.2.3. The specifics of recombination processes in As2S3. 93
2.2.4. Jump photoconductivity in composition samples As-S with excess sulfur. 106
2.3. Photochemical transformations in As2S3. 116
2.3.1. Influence of optical radiation on stationary photoconductivity and photocurrent kinetics in glass As2S3. 116
2.3.2.Features of the photo-enlightenment effect in glassy As2S3. 124
2.3.3. Study of nonstationary photoconductivity in the process of photochemical reaction on glass As2S3. 130
2.3.4. Discussion of the results and the proposed model of photochemical transformations in glassy arsenic trisulfide. 135
Chapter 3. APPLICATION OF PHOTOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE “CORE CaF2 –SHELL  AgBr"  MICROSYSTEM, CGS AND AHC FOR HOLOGRAPHIC RECORDING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSMISSION HOLOGRAMS 146
3.1. Formation of three-dimensional transmitting diffraction gratings based on "core CaF2– shell AgBr" microsystems 146
3.2.Holographic recording of three-dimensional transmitting diffraction gratings in monolithic CGS and  AHC at elevated temperatures. 154
3.2.1. Spatial stabilization system of interference pattern. 155
3.2.2. Methods for determining the parameters of a three-dimensional transmitting amplitude-phase diffraction grating. 157
3.2.2.1. The method of separate determination of the average absorption, amplitude and phase modulations and their phase shift when recording a three-dimensional transmitting diffraction grating. 159
3.2.2.2. Method for determination of spectral change of average absorption, amplitude and phase modulation of three-dimensional transmitting diffraction grating. 169
3.2.2.3. Methods for determining the effective thickness and spectral selectivity of a three-dimensional transmitting amplitude-phase diffraction grating. 172
3.2.3. Holographic record in monolithic CGS composition As-S. 175
3.2.4. Holographic record in additively colored AHCs. 194
3.3. Scattering effect in a three-dimensional transmitting diffraction grating. 214
Chapter 4. Optoelectronic devices based on three-dimensional TRANSMISSION Diffraction structures 225
4.1. Device for amplitude modulation and phase-amplitude conversion of light wave. 226
4.2. Optoelectronic devices for measuring linear displacements in the nanometer range. 234
4.2.1. Contact method for measuring linear displacements in the nanometer range. 235
4.2.2. Non-contact method of measuring linear displacements in the nanometer range. 241
4.3.Multichannel spectroradiometer and light divider with controlled ratio of separated beams in the range 0÷1. 250
4.4. Optoelectronic devices for measuring angular displacements and sighting. 253
4.4.1. Optoelectronic devices for measuring angular displacements in one coordinate. 253
4.4.2. Optoelectronic devices for sighting in two coordinates. 266
4.5. Registration and reproduction of light beams with topological defects. 274
CONCLUSION 281
Reference 283